Solved IGNOU Assignments

To determine the amount of capital required by the business to fulfill to long, medium and short-term needs. To raise funds from various sources at minimum cost. To allocate funds to different departments considering the overall objectives of the business. To ensure optimum utilization of funds by investing them in various assets. To maintain sufficient cash in order to meet day to day expenses. To maintain adequate provisions for contingencies. To exercise effective control over the funds.

Financial planning is a core to the main planning. It is an inseparable part of overall planning of enterprise. It plays important roles in an enterprise as it fixed financial objectives, formulates capital structure, raise funds and ensure proper utilization of funds. It is equally important for all types of organization whether it is small, big and medium size. Main benefits of financial planning are as follow:- The success of entire firm: - Every function of enterprise i.e. production, marketing, purchasing etc. all depends upon the financial function. The firm can avoid the possibilities of inadequate or excess capitalization which leads to wastage of resources. Economy and coordination: - financial planning minimizes the wastage in the complex operative process. Coordination is needed due to technological developments. Increased rate of interest, dividend is possible only through effective financial planning. The optimum capital structure at minimum cost: - financial plann...

Financial planning is the process of determining the objectives, policies, procedures programs and budgets to carry out the effectively the financial activities of an enterprise. It is a process of deciding in advance the financial activities necessary for an enterprise to achieve its objective. In other words, it is an application of planning function of management to the financial aspect of an enterprise. It involves of activities which aim at providing funds to activities to an enterprise regularly and ensure their efficient and proper use. It mainly involves procurements of funds and their proper utilization. It determines how much amount is required to purchase fixed assets or current assets. It also involves decision regarding the kinds of securities i.e. shares, debentures, and bonds.

FUNCTIONS OF SEBI The functions of SEBI may be categorized into three parts :- Protective functions Regulatory functions Development functions Now we shall discuss these functions separately Protective functions:-   Safeguarding investors: - SEBI issues press notes in the papers and brings out booklets for educating investors about various practices being followed by stock exchange. Enforcing code of conduct: - SEBI prescribed code of conduct to be followed in the market. The code helps in conducting the business in good manners. Control on price: - price is the serious issue which harms the interest of investors. Artificial inflation of prices attains more interest. The prices are then brought down by spreading some rumors about the company generally common investors sell shares at high rate. Regulative functions Monitoring stock exchange: - SEBI regulates the working of stock exchange including NSE and OCTCEI. Stock exchanges are required to submit regular returns SEB...

INTRODUCTION The Security and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was constituted in 1988 under a resolution of the government of India. Thereafter, it was made a statutory body of the securities and exchange board of India act 1992. The center has given to SEBI most of its power under the securities contracts (Regulation) act 1956 to ensure more effective protection of interests of the investors and to create an efficient and well-regulated stock market. The powers of SEBI have been further wideninged under the securities law (amended) ordinance, 1995 which has amended the SEBI Act,1992 and securities contracts (regulation) act, 1956. The head office of SEBI is situated in Mumbai. Regional offices are at Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai. OBJECTIVES OF SEBI The main objectives of SEBI are given below Protect the interest of investors: - SEBI was mainly set up to protect the interest of investors. The companies sometimes mislead the investors by giving them false investors and they make the wrong ...

OBJECTIVES OF NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE National trading facility: - NSE was established to provide a national wide trading facility for equity debt instruments etc. this facility was to regulate the price of scripts on a national basis. Regulation of transactions: - NSE aims at to have an inbuilt mechanism which regulates trading NSE system operates as per the instructions given in advance. Electronic Settlement: - The manual system of the settlement was lengthy and time-consuming. NSE has introduced electronic settlement which is easy and quick. As per the international standard: - NSE system is as per with international standard in dealing relating to market practice products and technology etc.

INTRODUCTION The national stock exchange was incorporated in November 1992 with an equity capital of Rs. 25 crores. NSE is a professionally managed national market for shares, debentures and government securities with all the necessary infrastructure and trading facility. NATURE OF NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE (NSE) Ownership and management: - NSE is owned by a number of leading financial institutions, banks insurance companies etc. its management is in the hands of professionals, and day-to-day affairs are managed by the executive committee. Computerized operation: - The trading is undertaken with the help of a computerized network. National market: - NSE is a national-level stock exchange. It's working covers the almost whole of the country. Its terminals are set up at all the important places and it has a national wide market. Run on commercial line: - NSE set up and runs on commercial lines. It is a profit-earning company. Debt market: - National stock exchange also trades in d...

The importance of stock exchange lies in the services which they provide to society. The services rendered by the stock exchange can be categorized as follow:- Services to investors Services to companies Services to community SERVICES TO INVESTOR: - The stock exchange provides the following kinds of services to the investors:- Easy marketability and liquidity: - The stock exchange provides the regular and ready market for sale and purchase of securities. The investor can convert their securities into cash and cash into securities at any time. So, it provides easy marketability and liquidity to the investor. Publication of quotation: - The stock exchange publishes in the newspapers and periodical the rates at which various securities are the deal in it. It is very useful for existing as well as prospective investor Safeguarding the investor’s interests: - The stock exchanges operate strictly according to rules and regulations enacted through various acts. It eliminates the pos...

FUNCTIONS OF STOCK EXCHANGE Easy Marketing: - The securities can be easily sold and purchased in the stock exchange. The investors know the market value of the securities. So they can invest money in desired securities and released cash whenever required. Capital formation: - stock exchange creates the habit of saving and investing among the people. It leads to invest of funds in corporate and government securities. Thus, it contributes the capital formation. Facilitates speculation: - stock exchange provides opportunities to the investor to speculate. Due to speculation the supply and demand of securities’ may be equalized. Safeguarding for the investor: - The dealing in the stock exchange are governed by the rules of securities control act 1956. It protects the interest of investor through the enforcement of rules of the act. Guidelines for new issue: - It provides guidelines regarding new issues of securities. It also guides the companies regarding the scheme of allotment of sh...

MEANING OF STOCK EXCHANGE The stock exchange is an organized market where the sale and purchase of second-hand securities i.e. shares, debentures, bonds etc take place according to specified rules and regulations. It facilitates the trading of listed securities only. Listed securities are those securities which are recognized by a stock exchange for the purpose of sale and purchase of securities. It provides finance to the government sector. It is an indispensable institution for the steady growth of the corporate sector. It is established for the purpose of assisting, regulating and controlling business in securities. The stock exchange is recognized as a nerve center of the economy of any nation. According to Bismark, “If you want to know how the things in Britain are going on, do not study the House of Commons, but watch the London stock exchange.”